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Performance Management Guide

Contents

About This Book

Who Should Use This Book

Case-Sensitivity in AIX

Related Publications

Tuning Enhancements for AIX 5.2

AIX Kernel Tuning Parameter Modifications

Modifications to vmtune and schedtune

Enhancements to no and nfso

AIX 5.2 Migration Installation and Compatibility Mode

System Recovery Procedures

Performance Concepts

How Fast is That Computer?

Understanding the Workload

Program Execution Dynamics

System Dynamics

Introducing the Performance-Tuning Process

Performance Benchmarking

Related Information

Resource Management Overview

Performance Overview of the processor Scheduler

Performance Overview of the Virtual Memory Manager (VMM)

Performance Overview of Fixed-Disk Storage Management

Support for Pinned Memory

Large Page Support

Introduction to Multiprocessing

Symmetrical Multiprocessor (SMP) Concepts and Architecture

SMP Performance Issues

SMP Thread Scheduling

Planning and Implementing for Performance

Identifying the Components of the Workload

Documenting Performance Requirements

Estimating the Resource Requirements of the Workload

Designing and Implementing Efficient Programs

Using Performance-Related Installation Guidelines

System Monitoring and Initial Performance Diagnosis

The Case for Continuous Performance Monitoring

Using the vmstat, iostat, netstat, and sar Commands

Using the topas Monitor

Using the Performance Diagnostic Tool

Using the Performance Toolbox

Determining the Kind of Performance Problem Reported

Identifying the Performance-Limiting Resource

Managing Workload

Monitoring and Tuning CPU Use

Monitoring CPU Use

Using the time Command to Measure CPU Use

Identifying CPU-Intensive Programs

Using the tprof Program to Analyze Programs for CPU Use

Using the pprof Command to Measure CPU usage of Kernel Threads

Detecting Instruction Emulation with the emstat Tool

Detecting Alignment Exceptions with the alstat Tool

Restructuring Executable Programs with the fdpr Program

Controlling Contention for the CPU

CPU-Efficient User ID Administration (The mkpasswd Command)

Monitoring and Tuning Memory Use

Determining How Much Memory Is Being Used

Finding Memory-Leaking Programs

Assessing Memory Requirements Through the rmss Command

Tuning VMM Memory Load Control with the schedtune Command

Tuning VMM Page Replacement with the vmtune Command

Tuning Paging-Space Thresholds

Choosing a Page Space Allocation Method

Using Shared Memory

Using AIX Memory Affinity Support

File System, Logical Volume, and Disk I/O Performance

Monitoring Disk I/O

Guidelines for Tuning File Systems

Changing File System Attributes that Affect Performance

Changing Logical Volume Attributes That Affect Performance

Physical Volume Considerations

Volume Group Recommendations

Reorganizing Logical Volumes

Reorganizing File Systems

Reorganizing File System Log and Log Logical Volumes

Tuning with vmtune

Using Disk-I/O Pacing

Tuning Logical Volume Striping

Tuning Asynchronous Disk I/O

Tuning Direct I/O

Using Raw Disk I/O

Using sync/fsync Calls

Setting SCSI-Adapter and Disk-Device Queue Limits

Expanding the Configuration

Using Fast Write Cache

Monitoring and Tuning Communications I/O Use

UDP and TCP/IP Performance Overview

Analyzing Network Performance

Tuning TCP and UDP Performance

Tuning mbuf Pool Performance

Tuning Asynchronous Connections for High-Speed Transfers

Tuning Name Resolution

Improving telnetd/rlogind Performance

Tuning the SP Network

Monitoring and Tuning NFS Use

Analyzing NFS Performance

Tuning for NFS Performance

Monitoring and Tuning Java

Java Performance Guidelines

Monitoring Java

Analyzing Performance with the Trace Facility

Understanding the Trace Facility

Example of Trace Facility Use

Starting and Controlling Trace from the Command Line

Starting and Controlling Trace from a Program

Using the trcrpt Command to Format a Report

Adding New Trace Events

Using Performance Diagnostic Tool (PDT)

Structure of PDT

Scope of PDT Analysis

Analyzing the PDT Report

Installing and Enabling PDT

Customizing PDT

Responding to PDT Report Messages

Reporting Performance Problems

Measuring the Baseline

What is a Performance Problem

Performance Problem Description

Reporting a Performance Problem

Application Tuning

Compiler Optimization Techniques

Optimizing Preprocessors for FORTRAN and C

Code-Optimization Techniques

Using POWER4-based Systems

POWER4 Performance Enhancements

Scalability Enhancements for POWER4-based Systems

Enhanced Journaled File System (JFS2)

Related Information

Monitoring and Tuning Partitions

Performance Considerations with Logical Partitioning

Workload Management

LPAR Performance Impacts

CPUs in a partition

Application Considerations

Appendix A. Monitoring and Tuning Commands and Subroutines

Performance Reporting and Analysis Commands

Performance Tuning Commands

Performance-Related Subroutines

Appendix B. Efficient Use of the ld Command

Rebindable Executable Programs

Prebound Subroutine Libraries

Appendix C. Accessing the Processor Timer

POWER-based-Architecture-Unique Timer Access

Accessing Timer Registers in PowerPC Systems

Example of the second Subroutine

Appendix D. Determining CPU Speed

Appendix E. National Language Support: Locale versus Speed

Programming Considerations

Some Simplifying Rules

Setting the Locale

Appendix F. Summary of Tunable Parameters

Environment Variables

Kernel Tunable Parameters

Network Tunable Parameters

Appendix G. Test Case Scenarios

Improve NFS Client Large File Writing Performance

Improve Tivoli Storage Manager (TSM) Backup Performance

Streamline Security Subroutines with Password Indexing

Appendix H. Notices

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