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System User's Guide: Operating System and Devices

Table of Contents

About This Book

  • Who Should Use This Book
  • Highlighting
  • ISO 9000
  • Related Publications
  • Trademarks

    • Chapter 1. Login Names, System IDs, and Passwords

  • Related Information
  • Login and Logout Overview
  • Logging In to the Operating System
  • If Your Machine Is Not Turned On
  • If Your System Is Already Turned On
  • Logging in More Than One Time (login Command)
  • Becoming Another User on a System (su Command)
  • Suppressing Login Messages
  • Logging Out of the Operating System (exit and logout Commands)
  • Stopping the Operating System (shutdown Command)
  • Related Information
  • User and System Identification
  • Displaying Your Login Name (whoami and logname Commands)
  • whoami Command
  • who am i Command
  • logname Command
  • Displaying the Operating System's Name (uname Command)
  • Displaying Your System's Name (uname Command)
  • Displaying Who Is Logged In (who Command)
  • Displaying User IDs (id Command)
  • Related Information
  • Passwords
  • Password Guidelines
  • Changing Your Password (passwd Command)
  • Setting Your Password to Null (passwd Command)
  • Related Information
  • Command Summary for Login Names, System IDs, and Passwords
  • Login and Logout Commands
  • User and System Identification Commands
  • Password Command
  • Related Information

    • Chapter 2. User Environment and System Information

  • Listing the Devices in Your System (lscfg Command)
  • Displaying the Name of Your Console (lscons Command)
  • Displaying the Name of Your Terminal (tty Command)
  • Listing Available Displays (lsdisp Command)
  • Listing the Available Fonts (lsfont Command)
  • Listing Keyboard Maps (lskbd Command)
  • Listing Software Products (lslpp Command)
  • Listing Control Key Assignments for Your Terminal (stty Command)
  • Listing All Your Environment Variables (env Command)
  • Related Information
  • Displaying the Value of an Environment Variable (printenv Command)
  • Working with Bidirectional Languages (aixterm Command)
  • Related Information
  • Command Summary for User Environment and System Information
  • Related Information

    • Chapter 3. Commands and Processes

  • Related Information
  • Commands Overview
  • Command Syntax
  • Command Name
  • Command Flags
  • Command Parameters
  • Reading Usage Statements
  • Using Web-based System Manager
  • Using the smit Command
  • Locating a Command or Program (whereis Command)
  • Displaying Information about a Command (man Command)
  • Displaying the Function of a Command (whatis Command)
  • Listing Previously Entered Commands (history Shell Command)
  • Repeating Commands Using the Shell history Command
  • Substituting Strings Using the Shell history Command
  • Editing the Command History
  • Creating a Command Alias (alias Shell Command)
  • Working with Text-Formatting Commands
  • International Character Support in Text Formatting
  • Entering Extended Single-Byte Characters
  • Multibyte Character Support in Text Formatting
  • Entering Multibyte Characters
  • Related Information
  • Processes Overview
  • Foreground and Background Processes
  • Daemons
  • Zombie Process
  • Starting a Process
  • To Start a Process in the Foreground
  • To Start a Process in the Background
  • Checking Processes (ps Command)
  • ps Command
  • Setting the Initial Priority of a Process (nice Command)
  • nice Command
  • Changing the Priority of a Running Process (renice Command)
  • From the Command Line
  • Canceling a Foreground Process
  • Stopping a Foreground Process
  • Restarting a Stopped Process
  • Scheduling a Process for Later Operation (at Command)
  • at Command
  • Listing All Scheduled Processes (at or atq Command)
  • at Command
  • atq Command
  • Removing a Process from the Schedule (at Command)
  • From the Command Line
  • Removing a Background Process (kill Command)
  • kill Command
  • Related Information
  • Command Summary for Commands and Processes
  • Commands
  • Processes
  • Related Information

    • Chapter 4. Input and Output Redirection

  • Standard Input, Standard Output, and Standard Error
  • Redirecting Standard Output
  • Redirecting Output to a File
  • Redirecting Output and Appending It to a File
  • Creating a Text File with Redirection from the Keyboard
  • Concatenating Text Files
  • Redirecting Standard Input
  • Discarding Output with the /dev/null File
  • Redirecting Standard Error and Other Output
  • Inline Input (Here) Documents
  • Pipes and Filters
  • Displaying Program Output and Copying It to a File (tee command)
  • Clearing Your Screen (clear Command)
  • Sending a Message to Standard Output (echo Command)
  • Appending a Single Line of Text to a File (echo Command)
  • Copying Your Screen to a File (capture and script Commands)
  • Displaying Text in Large Letters on Your Screen (banner Command)
  • Related Information
  • Command Summary for Input and Output Redirection
  • Related Information

    • Chapter 5. File Systems and Directories

  • Related Information
  • File Systems
  • File System Types
  • File System Structure
  • Showing Space Available on File System (df Command)
  • Related Information
  • Directory Overview
  • Types of Directories
  • Directory Organization
  • Directory Tree
  • Parent Directory
  • Home Directory
  • Working Directory
  • Directory Naming Conventions
  • Directory Path Names
  • Directory Abbreviations
  • Related Information
  • Directory Handling Procedures
  • Creating a Directory (mkdir Command)
  • Moving or Renaming a Directory (mvdir Command)
  • Displaying Your Current Directory (pwd Command)
  • Changing to Another Directory (cd Command)
  • Copying a Directory (cp Command)
  • Displaying Contents of a Directory (ls Command)
  • ls command
  • Deleting or Removing a Directory (rmdir Command)
  • Comparing Contents of Directories (dircmp Command)
  • Related Information
  • Command Summary for File Systems and Directories
  • File Systems
  • Directory Abbreviations
  • Directory Handling Procedures
  • Related Information

    • Chapter 6. Files

  • Types of Files
  • Regular Files
  • Text Files
  • Binary Files
  • Directory Files
  • Special Files
  • File Naming Conventions
  • File Path Names
  • Pattern Matching with Wildcards and Metacharacters
  • * Wildcard
  • ? Wildcard
  • [ ] Shell Metacharacters
  • Pattern Matching versus Regular Expressions
  • Related Information
  • File Handling Procedures
  • Deleting Files (rm Command)
  • rm Command
  • Moving and Renaming Files (mv Command)
  • Moving Files with mv Command
  • Renaming Files with mv Command
  • Copying Files (cp Command)
  • Finding Files (find Command)
  • Showing File Type (file Command)
  • Displaying File Contents (pg, more, page, and cat Commands)
  • pg Command
  • more or page Command
  • cat Command
  • Finding Strings in Text Files (grep Command)
  • Sorting Text Files (sort Command)
  • Comparing Files (diff Command)
  • Counting Words, Lines, and Bytes in Files (wc Command)
  • Displaying the First Lines of Files (head Command)
  • Displaying the Last Lines of Files (tail Command)
  • Cutting Sections of Text Files (cut Command)
  • Pasting Sections of Text Files (paste Command)
  • Numbering Lines in Text Files (nl Command)
  • Removing Columns in Text Files (colrm Command)
  • Related Information
  • Linking Files and Directories
  • Types of Links
  • Linking Files (ln Command)
  • Removing Linked Files
  • Related Information
  • DOS Files
  • Copying DOS Files to Base Operating System Files
  • Copying Base Operating System Files to DOS Files
  • Deleting DOS Files
  • Listing Contents of a DOS Directory
  • Related Information
  • Command Summary for Files
  • File Handling Procedures
  • Linking Files and Directories
  • DOS Files

    • Chapter 7. Printers, Print Jobs, and Queues

  • Printer Terminology
  • Print Job
  • Queue
  • Queue Device
  • qdaemon
  • Print Spooler
  • Real Printer
  • Virtual Printer
  • Local and Remote Printers
  • Printer Backend
  • Starting a Print Job (qprt Command)
  • Prerequisites
  • qprt Command
  • smit Command
  • Canceling a Print Job (qcan Command)
  • Prerequisites
  • qcan Command
  • smit Command
  • Checking Print Job Status (qchk Command)
  • Prerequisites
  • Web-based System Manager Fast Path
  • qchk Command
  • smit Command
  • Printer Status Conditions
  • Prioritizing a Print Job (qpri Command)
  • Prerequisites
  • qpri Command
  • smit Command
  • Holding and Releasing a Print Job (qhld Command)
  • Prerequisites
  • Web-based System Manager Fast Path
  • qhld Command
  • smit Command
  • Moving a Print Job to Another Print Queue (qmov Command)
  • Prerequisites
  • qmov Command
  • smit Command
  • Formatting Files for Printing (pr Command)
  • Printing ASCII Files on a PostScript Printer
  • Prerequisites
  • Automating the Conversion of ASCII to PostScript
  • Overriding Automatic Determination of Print File Types
  • Related Information
  • Command Summary for Printers, Print Jobs, and Queues
  • Related Information

    • Chapter 8. Backup Files and Storage Media

  • Backup Policy
  • Backup Media
  • Diskettes
  • Tapes
  • Formatting Diskettes (format or fdformat Command)
  • Checking the Integrity of the File System (fsck Command)
  • Copying to or from Diskettes (flcopy Command)
  • Copying Files to Tape or Disk (cpio -o Command)
  • Copying Files from Tape or Disk (cpio -i Command)
  • Copying to or from Tapes (tcopy Command)
  • Checking the Integrity of a Tape (tapechk Command)
  • Compressing Files (compress and pack Commands)
  • compress Command
  • pack Command
  • Expanding Compressed Files (uncompress and unpack Commands)
  • uncompress Command
  • unpack Command
  • Backing Up Files (backup Command)
  • backup Command
  • smit Command
  • Restoring Backed-Up Files (restore Command)
  • restore Command
  • smit Command
  • Archiving Files (tar Command)
  • Related Information
  • Command Summary for Backup Files and Storage Media
  • Related Information

    • Chapter 9. File and System Security

  • Security Threats
  • Basic Security
  • Backups
  • Identification and Authentication
  • Login User IDs
  • Unattended Terminals
  • File Ownership and User Groups
  • Changing File or Directory Ownership (chown Command)
  • File and Directory Access Modes
  • Symbolic Representation of Access Modes
  • Numeric Representation of Access Modes
  • Displaying Group Information (lsgroup Command)
  • Changing File or Directory Permissions (chmod Command)
  • Access Control Lists
  • Base Permissions
  • Attributes
  • Extended Permissions
  • Access Control List Example
  • Access Authorization
  • Displaying Access Control Information (aclget Command)
  • Setting Access Control Information (aclput Command)
  • Editing Access Control Information (acledit Command)
  • Locking Your Terminal (lock or xlock Command)
  • Command Summary for File and System Security
  • Related Information

    • Chapter 10. Customizing the User Environment

  • Related Information
  • System Startup Files Overview
  • /etc/profile File
  • /etc/environment File
  • .profile File
  • .env File
  • AIXwindows Startup Files Overview
  • .xinitrc File
  • .Xdefaults File
  • .mwmrc File
  • Related Information
  • Customization Procedures
  • Exporting Shell Variables (export Shell Command)
  • Changing the Display's Font (chfont Command)
  • chfont Command
  • smit Command
  • Changing Control Keys (stty Command)
  • Changing Your System Prompt
  • Related Information
  • Customizing the InfoExplorer Windows Program
  • Changing Defaults in the InfoExplorer Window Interface
  • Changing the Default Window Size
  • Designating a Default Navigation Article
  • Designating Default Files
  • Designating a Default Note Template File
  • Changing the Default Search Information Base
  • Designating Default Printers
  • Changing Preferences in the InfoExplorer Window Interface
  • Changing the Font Size
  • Changing the Artwork Display
  • Auto-Holding Articles
  • Designating Print Article
  • Changing the History Event Size
  • Changing the Preferred Library
  • Summary for User Environment Customization
  • System Startup Files
  • AIXwindows Startup Files
  • Customization Procedures
  • Related Information

    • Chapter 11. Shells

  • Shell Features
  • Available Shells
  • Shells Terms
  • Creating and Running a Shell Script
  • Specifying a Shell for a Script File
  • Related Information
  • Korn Shell or POSIX Shell Commands
  • Korn Shell Compound Commands
  • List of Korn Shell or POSIX Shell Compound Commands
  • Functions
  • Quoting in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Reserved Words in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Command Aliasing in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Tracked Aliases
  • Tilde Substitution
  • Parameter Substitution in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Parameters in the Korn Shell
  • Parameter Substitution
  • Predefined Special Parameters
  • Variables Set by the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Variables Used by the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Command Substitution in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Arithmetic Evaluation in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Field Splitting in the Korn Shell or the POSIX Shell
  • File Name Substitution in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Quote Removal
  • Input and Output Redirection in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Coprocess Facility
  • Redirecting Coprocess Input and Output
  • Exit Status in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Korn Shell or POSIX Shell Commands
  • Korn Shell Environment
  • Shell Startup
  • Shell Prompt
  • Korn Shell or POSIX Shell Command History
  • Command History Substitution
  • Korn Shell or POSIX Shell Built-In Commands
  • Special Built-in Command Descriptions
  • Regular Built-in Command Descriptions
  • List of Korn Shell or POSIX Shell Built-in Commands
  • Special Built-in Commands
  • Regular Built-in Commands
  • Conditional Expressions for the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Job Control in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • Signal Handling
  • Inline Editing in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell
  • emacs Editing Mode
  • vi Editing Mode
  • Input Edit Commands
  • Motion Edit Commands
  • Search Edit Commands
  • Text-Modification Edit Commands
  • Miscellaneous Edit Commands
  • Enhanced Korn Shell (ksh93)
  • Features of ksh93
  • Korn Shell Related Information
  • Bourne Shell
  • Bourne Shell Environment
  • Restricted Shell
  • Bourne Shell Commands
  • Quoting Characters
  • Signal Handling
  • Bourne Shell Compound Commands
  • Reserved Words
  • Bourne Shell Built-In Commands
  • Special Command Descriptions
  • Command Substitution in the Bourne Shell
  • Variable and File Name Substitution in the Bourne Shell
  • Variable Substitution in the Bourne Shell
  • User-Defined Variables
  • Variables Used by the Shell
  • Predefined Special Variables
  • Blank Interpretation
  • Conditional Substitution
  • Positional Parameters
  • File Name Substitution in the Bourne Shell
  • Character Classes
  • Input and Output Redirection in the Bourne Shell
  • List of Bourne Shell Built-in Commands
  • Bourne Shell Related Information
  • C Shell
  • C Shell Limitations
  • Signal Handling
  • C Shell Commands
  • C Shell Built-In Commands
  • C Shell Command Descriptions
  • C Shell Expressions and Operators
  • Command Substitution in the C Shell
  • Nonbuilt-in C Shell Command Execution
  • History Substitution in the C Shell
  • History Lists
  • Event Specification
  • Quoting with Single and Double Quotes
  • Alias Substitution in the C Shell
  • Variable and File Name Substitution in the C Shell
  • Variable Substitution in the C Shell
  • File Name Substitution in the C Shell
  • File Name Expansion
  • File Name Abbreviation
  • Character Classes
  • Environment Variables in the C Shell
  • Input and Output Redirection in the C Shell
  • Control Flow
  • Job Control in the C Shell
  • List of C Shell Built-in Commands
  • C Shell Related Information

    • Chapter 12. Miscellaneous Tools and Utilities

  • Locating a Command by Keyword (apropos Command)
  • Displaying a Calendar (cal Command)
  • Displaying Reminder Messages (calendar Command)
  • Displaying Help Information for New Users (help Command)
  • Starting Computer-Aided Instruction Courses (learn Command)
  • Reminding Yourself When to Leave (leave Command)
  • Factoring a Number (factor Command)
  • Converting Units of Measure (units Command)
  • Sending Messages to Another Logged-In User (write Command)
  • Related Information
  • Command Summary for Miscellaneous Tools and Utilities
  • Related Information

    • Chapter 13. Documentation Library Service

  • Introduction
  • Using the Documentation Library Service
  • How to Change the Documentation Library Service Language

    • Appendix A. Accessing Information with InfoExplorer

  • Using the InfoExplorer ASCII Interface
  • Using InfoExplorer Screens
  • Using Menus
  • Getting Help
  • Getting Started
  • Starting the InfoExplorer ASCII Program
  • Recognizing Screen Types
  • Navigation Screen
  • Reading Screen
  • To Move between the Screens
  • Selecting a Hypertext Link
  • Scrolling Information
  • Selecting a Menu Option
  • Returning to a Previous Location
  • Searching for Information
  • Printing Information
  • To Print an Article from a Reading Screen
  • To Print an Article from a Navigation Screen
  • To Print References from a Navigation Screen
  • To Print Articles from a Search Match List
  • To Print Public and Private Notes
  • Accessing Help
  • To Access Help on a Specific Screen
  • To Access the List of Helps
  • Using Special Keys and Key Sequences
  • Keys and Key Sequences Used in Text Areas
  • Keys and Key Sequences Used in Menu Bars
  • Starting an Alternate InfoExplorer Library
  • Stopping the InfoExplorer ASCII Program
  • Customizing the InfoExplorer ASCII Program
  • Changing Defaults in the InfoExplorer ASCII Interface
  • Designating a Default Navigation Article
  • Designating Default Files
  • Designating a Default Note Template File
  • Changing the Default Search Database
  • Designating Default Printers
  • Changing Preferences in the InfoExplorer ASCII Interface
  • Changing the History List Size
  • Choosing the Notes Editor
  • Changing the Print Output
  • X Resources Available for the InfoExplorer Program

    • Appendix B. Notices

    Index

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