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System Management Concepts: Operating System and Devices
The file tree organizes files
into directories containing similar information. This organization
facilitates remote mounting of directories and files. System
administrators can use these directories as building blocks to construct a
unique file tree for each client mounting individual directories from one or
more servers. Mounting files and directories remotely, rather than
keeping all information local, has the following advantages:
- Conserves disk space
- Allows easy, centralized
system administration.
- Provides a more secure
environment.
The file tree has the following
characteristics:
- Files that can be shared by
machines of the same hardware architecture are located in the /usr
file system.
- Variable per-client files,
such as spool and mail files, are located in the /var file
system.
- Architecture-independent,
shareable text files, such as manual pages, are located in the
/usr/share directory.
- The / (root) file
system contains files and directories critical for system operation.
For example, it contains a device directory, programs used for system startup,
and mount points where file systems can be mounted onto the root file
system.
- The /home file
system is the mount point for user home directories.
- For servers, the
/export directory contains paging-space files, per-client
(unshared) root file systems, dump, home, and /usr/share
directories for diskless clients, as well as exported /usr
directories.
For information about the
contents of a specific file system or directory, see the following:
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