AIX Version 4.3 System User's Guide: Operating System and Devices

<BODY BGCOLOR="FCFBF0"> <CENTER> <FONT COLOR="#A62A2A" SIZE="+2"> </FONT> </CENTER> <HR> <H1><a href="editionn.htm">First Edition (October 1997)</a></H1> <H1><a href="trademar.htm#C5840B8566mart">Trademarks and Acknowledgements</a></H1> <H1><a href="about.htm">About This Book</a></H1> <H1><a href="loginnam.htm#NfDvh223mart">Chapter 1. Login Names, System IDs, and Passwords</a></H1> <H2><a href="loginlog.htm#ncD5140craw">Login and Logout Overview</a></H2> <H2><a href="usersysi.htm#A6hDvh2bemart">User and System Identification</a></H2> <H2><a href="password.htm#PgDvh372mart">Passwords</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsumlo.htm#fHnEi170mart">Command Summary for Login Names, System IDs, and Passwords</a></H2> <H1><a href="userenvs.htm#vdYAi3cemart">Chapter 2. User Environment and System Information</a></H1> <H2><a href="listdevi.htm#hSY9i323mart">Listing the Devices in Your System (lscfg Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="displayc.htm#fUY9i1b8mart">Displaying the Name of Your Console (lscons Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="displayt.htm#A956Ci2f7mart">Displaying the Name of Your Terminal (tty Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="listavai.htm#GVY9i103mart">Listing Available Displays (lsdisp Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="listavaj.htm#DWY9i118mart">Listing the Available Fonts (lsfont Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="listkybd.htm#A1XY9i288mart">Listing Keyboard Maps (lskbd Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="listsfwp.htm#cXY9i39bmart">Listing Software Products (lslpp Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="listcont.htm#ci8Ci270mart">Listing Control Key Assignments for Your Terminal (stty Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="listenvv.htm#FZY9i1e7mart">Listing All Your Environment Variables (env Commands)</a></H2> <H2><a href="displaye.htm#C320CAF385mart">Displaying the Value of an Environment Variable (printenv Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="bidirect.htm#D317C87211stcl">Working with Bidirectional Languages (aixterm Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsumus.htm#C3C8A49165mart">Command Summary for User Environment and System Information</a></H2> <H1><a href="cmdsandp.htm#pjYAi3d1mart">Chapter 3. Commands and Processes</a></H1> <H2><a href="cmdsover.htm#I8N310wmh3">Commands Overview</a></H2> <H2><a href="processe.htm#BEI180gsc">Processes Overview</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsumcm.htm#C3C8AB4448mart">Command Summary for Commands and Processes</a></H2> <H1><a href="inputout.htm#aAn1340gsc">Chapter 4. Input and Output Redirection</a></H1> <H2><a href="stdinput.htm#A2N6Fid8mart">Standard Input, Standard Output, and Standard Error</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsumin.htm#C3C8AE8721mart">Command Summary for Input and Output Redirection</a></H2> <H1><a href="filesysd.htm#OBXuf265mart">Chapter 5. File Systems and Directories</a></H1> <H2><a href="filesyst.htm#D31340mart">File Systems</a></H2> <H2><a href="diroverv.htm#jy490craw">Directory Overview</a></H2> <H2><a href="dirhandp.htm#A6C4B8E424deni">Directory Handling Procedures</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsumfi.htm#U8THi38fmart">Command Summary for File Systems and Directories</a></H2> <H1><a href="files.htm#Rl33b0fish">Chapter 6. Files</a></H1> <H2><a href="filetype.htm#A9E9A644212judy">Types of Files</a></H2> <H2><a href="filehand.htm#A6C4AE3130deni">File Handling Procedures</a></H2> <H2><a href="linkfile.htm#ZAruf134judy">Linking Files and Directories</a></H2> <H2><a href="dosfiles.htm#svVPg170deni">DOS Files</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsumfj.htm#eBTFi397mart">Command Summary for Files</a></H2> <H1><a href="printers.htm#A350P918c">Chapter 7. Printers, Print Jobs, and Queues</a></H1> <H2><a href="printert.htm#niMHi1ecmart">Printer Terminology</a></H2> <H2><a href="startpri.htm#INDEX957">Starting a Print Job (qprt Command) </a></H2> <H2><a href="cancelpr.htm#A01BBEB980kath">Canceling a Print Job (qcan Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="checkpri.htm#A01BBF5791kath">Checking Print Job Status (qchk Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="printeru.htm#C4B4799819mart">Printer Status Conditions</a></H2> <H2><a href="prioriti.htm#A01BC13981kath">Prioritizing a Print Job (qpri Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="holdrelp.htm#E884851109stcl">Holding and Releasing a Print Job (qhld Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="moveprin.htm#E884853021stcl">Moving a Print Job to Another Print Queue (qmov Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="formatfi.htm#ZCRHi2f3mart">Formatting Files for Printing (pr Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="printasc.htm#A101C1316">Printing ASCII Files on a PostScript Printer </a></H2> <H2><a href="automata.htm#A101C131f">Automating the Conversion of ASCII to PostScript</a></H2> <H2><a href="override.htm#A22920A579kevi">Overriding Automatic Determination of Print File Types</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsumpr.htm#C4B47B5631mart">Command Summary for Printers, Print Jobs, and Queues</a></H2> <H1><a href="backupfi.htm#O7hIi2c1mart">Chapter 8. Backup Files and Storage Media</a></H1> <H2><a href="backuppo.htm#AzonIi343mart">Backup Policy</a></H2> <H2><a href="formatdi.htm#A684Rg17bdeni">Formatting Diskettes (format or fdformat Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="checkfil.htm#ifPKi1a4mart">Checking the Integrity of the File System (fsck Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="copydisk.htm#DrnIi28amart">Copying to or from Diskettes (flcopy Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="copyfile.htm#XrnIi297mart">Copying Files to Tape or Disk (cpio -o Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="copyfilf.htm#SsnIi14mart">Copying Files from Tape or Disk (cpio -i Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="copytofr.htm#A3tnIi90mart">Copying to or from Tapes (tcopy Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="checktap.htm#AzrPKi3c4mart">Checking the Integrity of a Tape (tapechk Command) </a></H2> <H2><a href="compress.htm#A6C4B5E986deni">Compressing Files (compress and pack Commands)</a></H2> <H2><a href="expandco.htm#bUSFi10mart">Expanding Compressed Files (uncompress and unpack Commands)</a></H2> <H2><a href="backupfj.htm#A8pYNg3cbdeni">Backing Up Files (backup Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="restoref.htm#OwnIi33emart">Restoring Backed-Up Files (restore Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="archivef.htm#XxnIi1cemart">Archiving Files (tar Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsumba.htm#C4B4807633mart">Command Summary for Backup Files and Storage Media</a></H2> <H1><a href="filesyss.htm#Eu5Ji3dfmart">Chapter 9. File and System Security</a></H1> <H2><a href="security.htm#Ux4Ji304mart">Security Threats</a></H2> <H2><a href="fileownu.htm#A9E9FEE702marta">File Ownership and User Groups</a></H2> <H2><a href="accessco.htm#Q25Ji28bmart">Access Control Lists</a></H2> <H2><a href="lockterm.htm#A885Jicmart">Locking Your Terminal (lock or xlock Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="testviru.htm#l85Ji25mart"> Testing Files for Viruses (virscan Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsumfk.htm#C4D702E808mart">Command Summary for File and System Security</a></H2> <H1><a href="userenvc.htm#C4D7047111mart">Chapter 10. Customizing the User Environment </a></H1> <H2><a href="sysstart.htm#A5L6Ji1a2mart">System Startup Files Overview</a></H2> <H2><a href="aixwinst.htm#sPdPi3aamart">AIXwindows Startup Files Overview</a></H2> <H2><a href="customiz.htm#C4F5358641mart">Customization Procedures</a></H2> <H2><a href="custinfo.htm#A3DK1340kaye">Customizing the InfoExplorer Help Program</a></H2> <H2><a href="sumusere.htm#C4D705A118mart">Summary for User Environment Customization</a></H2> <H1><a href="shells.htm#A127C1ff">Chapter 11. Shells</a></H1> <H2><a href="shellfea.htm#A2D4xf2shar">Shell Features</a></H2> <H2><a href="kornshel.htm#A56C21ed2">Korn Shell or POSIX Shell </a></H2> <H2><a href="quoting.htm#A26591351">Quoting</a></H2> <H2><a href="reserved.htm#A115C1lms">Reserved Words</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdalias.htm#A56C21ede">Command Aliasing in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="paramete.htm#aZLTi25emart">Parameter Substitution in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell </a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsubst.htm#A45F0148c">Command Substitution in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="arithmet.htm#A56C21edd">Arithmetic Evaluation in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell </a></H2> <H2><a href="fieldspl.htm#A2659134c">Field Splitting</a></H2> <H2><a href="filename.htm#A56C21eeb">File Name Substitution in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="inputouu.htm#A56C21f25">Input and Output Redirection in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell </a></H2> <H2><a href="exitstat.htm#A265913fd">Exit Status</a></H2> <H2><a href="kornposi.htm#A56C21ed9">Korn Shell or POSIX Shell Commands</a></H2> <H2><a href="kornbuil.htm#A56C21edc">Korn Shell or POSIX Shell Built-In Commands</a></H2> <H2><a href="conditio.htm#A2659135b">Conditional Expressions </a></H2> <H2><a href="jobcontr.htm#A56C21f26">Job Control in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell </a></H2> <H2><a href="inlineed.htm#A265913bd">Inline Editing in the Korn Shell or POSIX Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="listkorn.htm#A1MhWh29sylv">List of Korn Shell or POSIX Shell Built-in Commands</a></H2> <H2><a href="listbour.htm#YEyWh37asylv">List of Bourne Shell Built-in Commands</a></H2> <H2><a href="listcbui.htm#eAzWh1dsylv">List of C Shell Built-in Commands</a></H2> <H2><a href="relatedi.htm#C756C06750mart">Related Information</a></H2> <H2><a href="relatedj.htm#A9F5A159133shar">Related Information</a></H2> <H2><a href="relatedk.htm#D34618B582stcl">Related Information</a></H2> <H2><a href="bournesh.htm#A41C211df">Bourne Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="restrict.htm#A41C211e5">Restricted Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="bournesi.htm#A41C211e0">Bourne Shell Commands</a></H2> <H2><a href="varfilen.htm#A5kyTi282mart">Variable and File Name Substitution in the Bourne Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="inputouv.htm#A41C211e4">Input and Output Redirection in the Bourne Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="cshell.htm#A59C22225">C Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="cshellcm.htm#A59C22226">C Shell Commands</a></H2> <H2><a href="historys.htm#A59C2222c">History Substitution in the C Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="aliassub.htm#A59C22235">Alias Substitution in the C Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="varfileo.htm#pJQTi304mart">Variable and File Name Substitution in the C Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="envvarsc.htm#A59C22239">Environment Variables in the C Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="inputouw.htm#A59C22243">Input and Output Redirection in the C Shell</a></H2> <H2><a href="jobconts.htm#A59C22249">Job Control in the C Shell</a></H2> <H1><a href="misctool.htm#sW2Rg3bbdeni">Chapter 12. Miscellaneous Tools and Utilities</a></H1> <H2><a href="locatecm.htm#C51B5B0241mart">Locating a Command by Keyword (apropos Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="displayd.htm#Dq2Rg369deni">Displaying a Calendar (cal Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="displayr.htm#HJDLi1e8mart">Displaying Reminder Messages (calendar Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="displayh.htm#mJDLi2edmart">Displaying Help Information for New Users (help Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="startcai.htm#KKDLi38dmart">Starting Computer-Aided Instruction Courses (learn Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="remindle.htm#rKDLi102mart">Reminding Yourself When to Leave (leave Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="factornu.htm#OLDLi2f2mart">Factoring a Number (factor Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="convertu.htm#A5MDLi236mart">Converting Units of Measure (units Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="sendmess.htm#lp2Rg105deni">Sending Messages to Another Logged-In User (write Command)</a></H2> <H2><a href="cmdsummi.htm#C51B5C3297mart">Command Summary for Miscellaneous Tools and Utilities</a></H2> <H1><a href="docsearc.htm#chap_hdr_dss">Chapter 13. Documentation Search Service</a></H1> <H2><a href="docsearc.htm#intro_dss"></a></H2> <H2><a href="docsearc.htm#Language"></a></H2> <H2><a href="docsearc.htm#using_dss"></a></H2> <H2><a href="docsearc.htm#search_form"></a></H2> <H2><a href="docsearc.htm#results_page"></a></H2> <H1><a href="accessin.htm#access_infoexplorer.htm">Appendix A. Accessing Information with InfoExplorer </a></H1> <H2><a href="accessin.htm#using_info_ascii.htm">Using the InfoExplorer ASCII Interface</a></H2> <H2><a href="gsinfoas.htm#gs_info_ascii.htm">Getting Started (InfoExplorer ASCII)</a></H2> <H2><a href="customia.htm#A198C156">Customizing the InfoExplorer ASCII Program</a></H2> <H2><a href="xresavai.htm#J21ackom">X Resources Available for the InfoExplorer Program</a></H2>