Commands Reference, Volume 2

fuser Command

Purpose

Identifies processes using a file or file structure.

Syntax

fuser [ -c | -d | -f ] [ -k ] [ -u ] [ -x ] [ -V ]File ...

The fuser command lists the process numbers of local processes that use the local or remote files specified by the File parameter. For block special devices, the command lists the processes that use any file on that device.

Each process number is followed by a letter indicating how the process uses the file:

c	Uses the file as the current directory.
e	Uses the file as a program's executable object.
r	Uses the file as the root directory.
s	Uses the file as a shared library (or other loadable object).

The process numbers are written to standard output in a line with spaces between process numbers. A new line character is written to standard error after the last output for each file operand. All other output is written to standard error.

The fuser command will not detect processes that have mmap regions where that associated file descriptor has since been closed.

Flags

-c	Reports on any open files in the file system containing File.
-d	Implies the use of the -c and -x flags. Reports on any open files which have been unlinked from the file system (deleted from the parent directory). When used in conjunction with the -V flag, it also reports the inode number and size of the deleted file.
-f	Reports on open instances of File only.
-k	Sends the SIGKILL signal to each local process. Only the root user can kill a process of another user.
-u	Provides the login name for local processes in parentheses after the process number.
-V	Provides verbose output.
-x	Used in conjunction with -c or -f, reports on executable and loadable objects in addition to the standard fuser output.

Examples

To list the process numbers of local processes using the /etc/passwd file, enter:
```
fuser /etc/passwd
```
To list the process numbers and user login names of processes using the /etc/filesystems file, enter:
```
fuser -u /etc/filesystems
```
To terminate all of the processes using a given file system, enter:
```
fuser -k -x -u /dev/hd1 -OR-
```
```
fuser -kxuc /home
```
Either command lists the process number and user name, and then terminates each process that is using the /dev/hd1 (/home) file system. Only the root user can terminate processes that belong to another user. You might want to use this command if you are trying to unmount the /dev/hd1 file system and a process that is accessing the /dev/hd1 file system prevents this.
To list all processes that are using a file which has been deleted from a given file system, enter:
```
fuser -d /usr
```

Files

/dev/kmem	Used for the system image.
/dev/mem	Also used for the system image.

Related Information

The killall command, mount command, and ps command.

For more information about the identification and authentication of users, discretionary access control, the trusted computing base, and auditing, refer to Security Administration in AIX 5L Version 5.1 System Management Concepts: Operating System and Devices.