01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server SPECIAL NOTICES Information in this document is correct to the best of our knowledge at the time of this writing. Please send feedback by fax to "AIXServ Information" at (512) 823-5972. Please use this information with care. IBM will not be responsible for damages of any kind resulting from its use. The use of this information is the sole responsibility of the customer and depends on the customer's ability to eval- uate and integrate this information into the customer's operational environment. +----------------------------------------------------------+ | | | NOTE: The information in this document has NOT been | | verified for AIX 4.1. | | | +----------------------------------------------------------+ The following trademarks may be used in this document: o IBM, AIX, and RISC System/6000 are trademarks of IBM Corporation. o LaserJet and JetDirect are trademarks of the Hewlett- Packard Company. About This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Prerequisites to Configuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Overview of Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Important Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Information Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Obtaining Printer Hardware Address . . . . . . . . . . 3 Important Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Steps to Configure Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Problem Trouble Shooting Tips / Diagnostics . . . . . . 8 Caveats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Token Ring Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Example Token Ring Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Legend For "/etc/bootptab" File . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Reader's Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT This document describes how to set up and configure a RISC System/6000 to work with a Hewlett-Packard JetDirect printer. This document applies to AIX 3.2.5. PREREQUISITES TO CONFIGURING o AIX version 3.2.5 should be installed on the RISC System/6000. Previous versions of AIX do not support the Hewlett-Packard JetDirect feature. The only excep- tion is with AIX version 3.2.4 if the fix U435111 has been installed. Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 1 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 o A working knowledge of Ethernet, addressing, TCP/IP, and SMIT (System Management Interface Tool) is assumed. o The printer should be configured for network printing (i.e., the JetDirect card should be physically installed and configured). o This document assumes that you are NOT setting up a JetDirect card with an "lpd" (RFC 1179) daemon running on the card. Check with Hewlett-Packard for model spec- ifications. o This document assumes that your network is running the TCP/IP protocol. (You can run multiprocotol; i.e., Novell IPX along with the TCP/IP protocol.) OVERVIEW OF CONFIGURATION Each time the printer is powered on, the JetDirect card will require network configuration data such as the card's IP address and subnet mask in order to communicate with the host system over the network. The card can get this data either from a BOOTP/TFTP server on the network or from parameters entered manually from the front panel on the printer and saved in nonvolatile memory on the card. The method of attaining IP address for the card is dependent on the type of card (external box, like the EX model, or internal card) and the type of printer. When shipped from the factory, the card is set to get network configuration data from the network (BOOTP/TFTP server). If you cannot manually configure the card to accept the IP address from the front panel of the printer, then configura- tion data must be obtained from the network by configuring the BOOTP/TFTP server. When BOOTP/TFTP is configured on the RISC System/6000, the RISC server will recognize the network query (hardware address broadcast) generated by the card and will send the appropriate data to the card. IMPORTANT NOTES o The BOOTP/TFTP server can be accessed across a gateway, but this will require configuring routers. o It is a good idea to have only one machine on the network that acts as the BOOTP/TFTP server. o The JetDirect card is designed to support ethernet, however, you should be able to use the card on a token ring network with only minor modification. (Please see TOKEN RING SETTING at the end of this document.) o If you are going across a router from RISC to a JetDirect printer AND if you are using BOOTP/TFTP to download the IP address to the printer, then YOU MUST make sure that the router is configured to allow the Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 2 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 bootp daemon to go across that particular router (AIX support cannot offer assistance with this process). INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS Have the following data written down and available prior to beginning the steps outlined below: 1. IP address for JetDirect card __________ 2. Hostname associated with IP address __________ 3. Hardware address of JetDirect card __________ 4. Network type (ethernet, token ring) __________ 5. Gateway address of network __________ 6. Subnet Mask of network __________ 7. Printer type (model, make) __________ Some of the data above might or might not be used depending on your particular network set up and whether or not you want to set up your RISC System/6000 as a BOOTP/TFTP server. For demonstration purposes, we will use the following set up: 1. 150.1.1.4 2. hp4 3. 080109463974 4. ethernet 5. 150.1.1.1 6. 255.255.255.0 7. HP LaserJet IV OBTAINING PRINTER HARDWARE ADDRESS Once the JetDirect card is connected to your printer, the hardware address may be attained by printing out a test page. Check the printer and JetDirect card manual for instructions on how this is accomplished. The entry on the test page should look something like: "LAN HW Address". Usually, the JetDirect card will also have the hardware address written on it. Note that the test page will also indicate that there is NOT an IP address presently on the card unless you have already entered an address through the front panel. Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 3 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS Some things to consider when deciding whether to make the RISC a BOOTP/TFTP server: a. Were you able to enter the IP address of the printer at the site of the printer (front panel input)? b. Is there another BOOTP/TFTP server on the same network? Refer to the following decision help matrix. Questions a b Answers --- --- ---------------------------------------- Yes Yes Setting up the JetDirect through a BOOTP/TFTP server is optional. Note: If you choose to set the JetDirect through a BOOTP/TFTP server, then you must make sure the BOOTP/TFTP server on the same network and is configured appropriately. Suggestion: Do NOT set this up as a BOOTP/TFTP server. In STEP 6, choose option No. 2. Yes No Same as above. Suggestion: Do NOT set this up as a BOOTP/TFTP server. In STEP 6, choose option No. 2. No Yes If the other BOOTP/TFTP server is on the same network and is a RISC, then you must be on that RISC System/6000 in order to continue on with the steps. Suggestion: Set this up as a BOOTP/TFTP server. In STEP 6, choose option No. 1. If the other BOOTP/TFTP server is not a RISC then you must do what is appropriate on that system to configure the network data for the JetDirect down loading. Suggestion: Since the down loading of network data is being done on the other machine, you don't need to set the RISC up as a BOOTP/TFTP server. In STEP 6, choose option No. 2. No No Set up the RISC to be a BOOTP/TFTP server (there is no other way to down load the network data to the JetDirect Card). Suggestion: In STEP 6, you must choose option No. 1. Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 4 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 STEPS TO CONFIGURE SERVER Follow these steps on the RISC System/6000. 1. If you are setting up the RISC-BOOTP/TFTP server then you must do the following prior to proceeding to STEP 2. If you are not setting up as RISC-BOOTP/TFTP then proceed to step 2. a. In the "/etc/inetd.conf" file make sure "bootps" and "tftp" are not commented out. The lines containing "bootps" and "tftp" should not begin with a "#" symbol (if the lines do begin with the "#" symbol, then you must erase the "#" from the lines). b. From the AIX command line type "inetimp". This will redigest the "inetd.conf" into something that the RISC can use. c. From the AIX command line type "refresh -s inetd". This will cause the "inetd" daemon to refresh itself. 2. Make sure the printer has a valid hostname and IP address. o If you are using a nameserver, ensure that the printer's IP address is in the nameserver database. o If you are not using a nameserver, ensure that the printer's hostname and IP address are in the "/etc/hosts" file. Sample "/etc/hosts" entry: hp4 150.1.1.4 If the hardware permits, enter the IP address you have chosen for the printer onto the printer now (usually through the front panel of the printer). 3. Entering the following at the AIX command line: mkvirprt You will see the following menu screen (or something similiar): ---------------------------------------------------------------- No. Description 1 Printer or Plotter Attached to Host 2 Printer or Plotter Attached to Xstation 3 Printer or Plotter Attached to ASCII Terminal 4 Network Printer (Hewlett-Packard JetDirect) Enter number from list above (press Enter to terminate): -> ---------------------------------------------------------------- 4. Select "Network Printer (Hewlett-Packard JetDirect)" and press the "enter" key. Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 5 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 If the above option does not appear on the SMIT menu, then you cannot proceed. Either AIX is not installed to the correct update level (3.2.5) or the system does not have all the necessary software installed. 5. The "Enter the printer hostname:" prompt will appear on the screen. Enter the printer hostname at the prompt. In demon- stration, we enter "hp4" (our printer's hostname) and press the "enter" key. The following menu will be dis- played: ---------------------------------------------------------------- No. BOOTP/TFTP Server 1 Make this system a BOOTP/TFTP server 2 Do NOT make this system a BOOTP/TFTP server Enter number from list above (press Enter to terminate): -> ---------------------------------------------------------------- Enter the number as appropriate to your situation and press "enter". If you choose option No. 1, then go to step 6. If you choose option No. 2, then skip to step 9. NOTE: Choosing option No. 1, will cause the creation of an entry in the "/etc/bootptab" file defined for the printer. | 6. After choosing option No. 1 and pressing the "enter" key, the "Enter the hardware address for the JetDirect Card:" prompt will appear. Enter the hardware address and press the "enter" key (In our demonstration, we entered "080109463974"). You should then see the "Enter the gateway IP address:" prompt. 7. Enter the gateway IP address and press the "enter" key (In our demonstration, we entered "150.1.1.1"). If you don't have a gateway, then press the "enter" key. You will be prompted to enter the subnet mask. 8. Enter the subnet mask and press the "enter" key (we entered "255.255.255.0"). If you don't have a subnet mask press the "enter" key. 9. A menu will prompt you to input the printer type. You can use the up/down arrow keys to scroll through the selections to find your particular type of printer. The menu screen will look something like this: Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 6 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 ---------------------------------------------------------------- No. Description 1 IBM 2380 Personal Printer II 2 IBM 2381 Personal Printer II 3 IBM 2390 Personal Printer II . ... . ... . ... 19 IBM 4212 Proprinter 24P 20 IBM 4216 Personal Page Printer, Model 031 21 IBM 4224 Printer, Models 301,302,3C2,3E3 [42 more ] Enter number from list above (press Enter to terminate): -> ---------------------------------------------------------------- You can scroll down the list by using the down arrow key. For our demonstration, we enter "40" at the prompt for Hewlett-Packard LaserJet 4 and then press the "enter" key. 10. The following would occur (you would get something dif- ferent depending on the printer type that you chose in STEP 10): a. We will get a prompt asking for header pages. Press the "enter" key for the default, "(n)". b. Next we get a prompt asking for trailer pages. Press the "enter" key for the default. This brings up the prompt for postscript virtual printer. In both instances below, it is up to you what to name the queues and if you want to make them a default queue or not. NOTE: The hplj-4 printer supports multiple print data streams. Each of the data streams will now be configured individually. Enter print queue name (or, ! to bypass configuration): -> (ps) Should this queue be the default queue? -> (y) c. For this demonstration, we would enter "hp4ps" and then press the "enter" key twice. d. A prompt for pcl virtual printer will come up since our printer type does support multiple data stream: Enter print queue name (or, ! to bypass configuration): -> (pcl) Should this queue be the default queue? -> (y) Enter "hp4pcl" (for this demonstration) and press the "enter" key. Since we have chosen the previous queue to be our default, enter "n" and then press the "enter" key. Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 7 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 You will get an AIX command prompt. You should now be ready to print. e. Try running a "lpstat" command at the AIX command prompt to make sure that everything is "READY". PROBLEM TROUBLE SHOOTING TIPS / DIAGNOSTICS o Problem: The job sits in the queue with status "RUNNING" ("lpstat" command will show status) and does not print. Cause: The JetDirect card is probably not booted up and never received tftp packets. Probably faulty cables or unterminated ethernet lines. Solution: If you have any other hosts on the same net, verify that they can still communicate with no errors. Check cables and termination. 1. Problem: Can you ping the hostname? Can you ping the TCP/IP address of the hostname? Solution: Check the IP address of the printer by printing out a test page to see if the IP address is indeed on the printer. Then check to see if the IP address is the same as the one you have in the "/etc/hosts" file. If you can ping the hostname, then try the following: telnet hostname 9100 This should get sent to the printer. (This is an example telnet session that printed to our printer.) mod590 /etc # telnet 150.1.1.4 9100 Trying... Connected to 150.1.1.4. Escape character is '&and.]' Hey guys, this is going to print!!! &and.] telnet> quit Connection closed. The print out "Hey guys, this is going to print!!!" should go to the printer. o Problem: The test sheet and the IP address and subnet mask are blank. Cause: The card has not been configured. Solution: Find the area under TCP/IP labeled bootp. It should say bootp in progress. Cause: This means that the card is sending out boot packets but is not getting packets back from the Risc (unless there is a problem with the packets that the Jet Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 8 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 Direct card is sending). Risc is not acknowledging the packets and sending replies. Cause: Hardware address was entered incorrectly. Solution: You can verify the hardware address by exam- ining the file "/etc/bootptab". The "ha" field should match the hardware address printed out in the test page. If this is incorrect, then change as appropriate. 1. At the AIX command line, type "inetimp" to redigest file and then type "refresh -s inetd" to refresh "inetd" daemon. 2. Turn off/on printer (if card inside printer) or turn off/on JetDirect box (if external). 3. If this does not work, then remove the entry from "/etc/bootptab" file and go to "Steps to Configure Server" and start with step 3. If the above still does not work, then try running the "bootpd" daemon in debug mode. Do the following: 1. Comment out the "bootps" line in "/etc/inetd.conf" file. 2. Redigest "/etc/inetd.conf" again with "inetimp". 3. Refresh "inetd" daemon with "refresh -s inetd". 4. At AIX command line, type "bootpd -d -d -d -d -s". 5. Turn off/on printer (if internal card) or turn off/on JetDirect box (if external). This will cause the hardware broadcast to start up. You should see something like this: bootpd: bootptab mtime is Wed Oct 19 13:21:23 1994 bootpd: reading "/etc/bootptab" bootpd: read 1 entries from "/etc/bootptab" bootpd: dumped 1 entries to "/etc/bootpd.dump". Then something like this: bootpd: bootptab mtime is Wed Oct 19 13:21:23 1994 bootpd: request from hardware address 080109463974 bootpd: hardware address not found: 080109463974 bootpd: Dats all folks... Problem: You do not receive message or nothing else comes up. Cause: The RISC is not picking up any hardware broadcast across the network. Signals a definite hardware problem on the network. Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 9 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 Solution: Check your network connections and settings. o Problem: The third line above reads, "bootpd: hardware address not found: "080109463974". Cause: This indicates that you do not have an entry in the "/etc/bootptab" file for the particular hardware address. Solution: Check your file for proper entry. Also check other entries that are outdated/unused and delete them. o Problem: Subnet mask is set incorrectly. If your subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 then you don't need an entry for "sm=255.255.255.0" since this is assumed. However, if your subnet mask is different, for example, 255.255.0.0, then you definitely need an entry "sm=255.255.0.0" in your /etc/bootptab file for the printer in question. Solution: You can use "ifconfig " command to figure out your network mask; for example, "ifconfig en0"... en0: flags=2000063 inet 150.1.1.1 netmask 0xffff0000 broadcast 150.1.255.255 Note the subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 in this example. o Possible bootpd error is: bind fail::socket name already in use bootpd::bind: Cause: This error means that you have another bootpd process running on your system. Solution: Do a "ps -ef | grep bootp" to get the PID of the bootp process presently running and do a "kill -9 PID" to get rid of the process. Then retry the bootp in debug mode again. o Possible external JetDirect Problem. Also note that with the external JetDirect box EX model, there is an indicator LED light called "Fault". Check if this light is on or is blinking. Cause: If yes then you have a hardware problem with the JetDirect. Solution: Call Hewlett-Packard for hardware help. o Problem: Interface settings. Some printers accept more than one interface; i.e., serial or parallel. Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 10 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 Solution: Be sure that you have the interface set to the one that you are using. This is especially true with the external JetDirect. o Problem with BOOTP?TFTP server Having problems getting the printer working with the BOOTP/TFTP server? Solution.Try attaching the printer DIRECTLY to the Ethernet card in the RISC System/6000. After you get that working, set up the printer to use the RISC System/6000 as the BOOTP/TFTP server. CAVEATS o To conserve resources, bootpd exits if it receives no request for 15 minutes. It will restart when another request is received. Therefore, you will not see it running all the time. o Removing the virtual printer will not clean up the entry in bootptab or the device file in /var/spool/lpd/pio/dev. You must delete these yourself. TOKEN RING SETTING Change the "ht" variable in "/etc/bootptab" for your partic- ular entry to "tr". ht=tr Do this only after you have finished ALL the steps. EXAMPLE TOKEN RING SETTING Example setting in "/etc/bootptab" using token ring instead of ethernet: hp4:ht=tr:ha=080109463974:ip=150.1.1.4:sm=255.255.255.0:gw=150.1.1.1: LEGEND FOR "/ETC/BOOTPTAB" FILE first field -- hostname (may be full domain name and probably should be) hd -- home directory bf -- bootfile sa -- boot server IP address gw -- gateways ha -- hardware address ht -- hardware type ip -- host IP address sm -- subnet mask tc -- template host (points to similar host entry) hn -- name switch bs -- boot image size Configuring JetDirect Printer with BOOTP/TFTP Server 11 01/12/96, 4FAX# 4725 READER'S COMMENTS Please fax this form to (512) 823-5972, attention "AIXServ Informa- tion". Use this form to tell us what you think about this document. If you have found errors in it, or if you want to express your opinion about it (such as organization, subject matter, appearance) or make sug- gestions for improvement, this is the form to use. 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